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4. Sample Wording for the Assessment Concept

The following examples are taken out of context and are intended to serve as inspiration. Please adapt them to the subject-specific context of the module and the learning outcomes you have described.

Example: The assessment consists of a supervised written examination or an oral examination. Students demonstrate…
Bachelor’s: … that they can, within a limited time frame and without aids, present and explain key theories and findings on [ADD CONTENT] in a structured manner. In addition, they demonstrate that they can critically evaluate fundamental relationships and justify their conclusions in a comprehensible manner using scientific methods.
Master’s: … that they can independently and critically analyze and thoroughly evaluate complex theories and current research findings on [ADD CONTENT] within a limited time frame without the use of reference materials. In doing so, they demonstrate the ability to reflect on and further develop divergent positions and open-ended questions in a nuanced manner, taking relevant scientific standards into account.


Example: The assessment consists of a supervised written examination or an unsupervised written assignment. Students must demonstrate …
Bachelor’s: … that they can independently apply fundamental theories to a subject-specific context [ADD CONTENT] within a limited time frame. They examine and evaluate [various arguments / proposed solutions + ADD CONTENT] and develop academically sound [theses / solutions + ADD CONTENT], which they present clearly and coherently in writing. The exam demonstrates the ability to process information in a structured manner, to argue using sound methodology, and to express ideas in an academic style.
Master’s: … that they can independently and within a limited time frame apply advanced and complex theories to a subject-specific context [ADD CONTENT]. They analyze, examine, and evaluate [various arguments / proposed solutions + ADD CONTENT] and develop independent, academically sound [theses / solutions + ADD CONTENT], which they present in writing in a nuanced and systematic manner. The exam demonstrates advanced scientific methodological competence, reflective judgment, and an appropriately nuanced written presentation.


Example 1: The assessment consists of a supervised written examination or a combined assessment. In it, students demonstrate …
Bachelor’s: … that they have a basic understanding of relevant theories in [FILL IN CONTENT] and can independently apply these to specific case studies—both in writing and, if applicable, as part of a supplementary presentation or discussion.
Master’s: … that they can critically reflect on complex theories [ADD CONTENT] and independently apply them to challenging case studies in the respective subject context, as well as discuss nuanced solutions in writing and, if applicable, orally.

Example 2: The assessment consists of a supervised written academic paper or a combined academic paper. In it, students demonstrate …
Bachelor’s: … that they have understood the fundamentals of research [ADD CONTENT] and can apply them independently. They evaluate various research designs [ADD CONTENT] and justify their classification clearly and comprehensibly.
Master’s: … that they have an analytical understanding of advanced research approaches [ADD CONTENT] and can apply them flexibly to complex research questions. They evaluate and compare various research designs [ADD CONTENT], justify their classification in a nuanced manner, and reflect on methodological advantages and disadvantages within the academic discourse.


Example: The assessment consists of an oral examination or a practical examination. Students demonstrate …
Bachelor’s: … that they can identify specific interrelationships within the examination area [ADD CONTENT] and classify questions within these contexts. They demonstrate that they can independently master the procedures of [experiments, exercises, ADD CONTENT] and describe the objectives of the respective tasks. In doing so, they take safety-related aspects into account in the specific work steps [ADD CONTENT]. In addition, they are able to use subject-specific terminology correctly and appropriately for the situation.
Master’s: … that they can identify complex interrelationships within the examination area [ADD CONTENT] and analytically classify technical questions within these interrelationships. They demonstrate that they can independently plan, carry out, and critically reflect on the procedures of [experiments, exercises, ADD CONTENT], as well as precisely describe the objectives and underlying concepts. In addition, they take safety-related and ethical aspects into account in the specific work steps [ADD CONTENT]. They use subject-specific terminology in a nuanced and context-appropriate manner, even in challenging and complex application situations.


Example 1: The assessment consists of an oral examination or an unsupervised written assignment. Students demonstrate that …
Bachelor’s: … that they can identify the interrelationships within the examination subject area [ADD CONTENT] and contextualize specific questions [ADD CONTENT]. They demonstrate that they can independently address a specific research question [ADD CONTENT] within a limited time frame and, based on relevant academic literature [module-specific literature/methodology], develop their lines of reasoning in appropriate academic language and present them in a comprehensible manner.
Master’s: … that they can identify complex interrelationships within the examination area [ADD CONTENT] and analytically classify challenging research questions [ADD CONTENT]. They demonstrate that they can independently and within a limited time frame critically engage with a specific research question [ADD CONTENT] and, drawing on relevant academic literature [module-specific literature/methods], develop their arguments systematically, persuasively, and in nuanced academic language, and present them clearly.

Example 2: The assessment consists of an oral examination or an unsupervised written assignment. In it, students demonstrate their ability to …
Bachelor’s: … conduct independent research on [ADD CONTENT], relate the results in a clear and comprehensible manner to overarching [processes / topics], and thereby contextualize them. They argue in a structured manner and engage in critical and constructive discussion within the subject area of [ADD CONTENT].
Master’s: … conduct independent and methodologically sound research on [ADD CONTENT], relate the results in a nuanced and analytical manner to overarching [processes / topics], and critically contextualize them. They argue systematically, reflectively, and theory-based on cross-cutting [processes / topics] within the subject area and discuss complex issues constructively, taking current scientific findings into account.


Example: The assessment consists of a combined assessment or an oral examination. Students demonstrate …
Bachelor’s: … that they can independently and within a limited time frame engage with an academic research question [ADD CONTENT] based on relevant academic literature [module-specific literature/methodology] and present their arguments clearly and coherently using appropriate academic language.
Master’s: … that they can independently and within a limited time critically and analytically engage with a complex academic question [ADD CONTENT] based on current and relevant academic literature [module-specific literature/methods]. They develop and defend nuanced arguments in academic language and can present and discuss them in a reflective and persuasive manner.


Example: The assessment consists of a combined assessment or an unsupervised written assignment. Students demonstrate …
Bachelor’s: … that they can independently address an academic question related to [ADD CONTENT] within a limited time frame. They conduct research and utilize relevant academic literature, present key content in a structured manner, and justify their findings in a clear and comprehensible way. The exam demonstrates basic methodological competence and the ability to process information independently.
Master’s: … that they can independently analyze complex academic questions regarding [ADD CONTENT] and systematically and critically address them within a limited time frame, drawing on current academic literature. They demonstrate the ability to evaluate research findings and theories in a nuanced manner, as well as to develop their own solutions and justify them in accordance with relevant academic standards. The exam demonstrates advanced methodological competence and the ability for academic reflection.

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